Through The Looking Glass Article Review - 856 Words

Through the Looking Glass: Article Review Introduction The peer reviewed article by Caffo (2011), â€Å"Through the Looking Glass: Instinctual and Cultural Influences on U.S. Worker’s Views of Ethics and the Workplace† demonstrates three possible explanations for self-evaluating the process of ethical decision making. This is a thought provoking article, which explains the ambiguous human perspective on ethical behavior. Although there are no specific studies associated with this article, it does however theorize that there are three specific observations, which best explain work related ethical behaviors. The scholarly article’s hypothesizes that human instincts, cultures, and polarizing pressures between social and individual responsibilities all affect people’s â€Å"ethical† decision making. Also, the article’s methods used, its results, and its overall significance will be analyzed and presented. The Hypothesis There are three different hypotheses, which are presented in this article. First, that ethical decision making derives from human biological instincts, which have been developed for self-preservation. Secondly, that these biological instincts vary, depending on the individual or group’s ability to conduct thorough assessments of what conduct is beneficial. Thirdly, that ethics are influenced by cultural environments, especially larger organizations. Altogether, these hypotheses are all interconnected due to the fact they help to influence individual and groupShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality in Womens Rugby1181 Words   |  5 Pagesthese assumptions are in a way confining each one of us to act and live according to a specific template. In relation to the sport of rugby, which is viewed as masculine sport, females who participate are not following the norm. According to the article, â€Å"Rugby is inappropriate for girls or women for obvious psychological reasons (Joncher ay Tlili, 2013, p. 1). Social interactionists would agree that society has built the sport of rugby as a role which should be male dominated. This is because areRead More`` Fra Angelico s San Marco Altarpiece And The Metaphors Of Perspective Essay1394 Words   |  6 PagesIn Barnaby Nygren’s article, Fra Angelico s San Marco Altarpiece and the Metaphors of Perspective, the rediscovery of linear perspectives and how it altered the planar space for those artist who worked in two-dimensions was methodically analyzed. Reviewing historical data and art works, Nygren revealed that artwork created prior to the 15th century was typically a religious endeavor designed to prompt devout worship through visual recollection of spiritual events. 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Relationships and Religion in The Handmaids Tale by...

In the novel The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood the themes of Religion and inter-human relationships are the themes that are most evident in the text. This novel shows the possibility of the existence of an all-powerful governing system. This is portrayed through the lack of freedom for women in society, from being revoked of their right to own any money or property, to being stripped of their given names and acquiring names such as Offred and Ofglen, symbolizing women’s dependant existence, only being defined by the men which they belong to. This portrayal of women demonstrates the idea that individuals are unimportant, that the goals of the society as a whole are more pertinent. â€Å"For our purposes, your feet and your hands are not†¦show more content†¦Offred is a part of a society that leaves her deprived of any warm human relationship, and only conforms to the rules set on her because she wants to survive. Having such a lack of freedom makes her crave hum an affection, and she copes with this by trying to escape reality, while at the same time avoiding the memories of the freedom she once had. Religion is an idea that is also significant in A Season in the Life of Emmanuel by Marie-Claire Blais. This theme is accompanied by hypocrisy, abuse and the need for escape from reality. This novel tells the stories of children growing up in a society in which their lives are not valued. The children in this society are expected to repress the abuse inflicted on them, leaving them to deal with their demons on their own. This abuse is often present in the church and in the reformatories that they are sent to, demonstrating the hypocrisy present in this society. Since these children are not aided in overcoming the obstacles placed in their lives, they search for and begin to find their own ways of escaping reality. For Jean le Maigre, who is very sick but nonetheless is made to go to school and work the family’s land, the escape is found through the writing of stories and poems. Jean le Maigre is also a good example of the search for a reality break in the children, along with Number 7, as they both resort to alcohol to escape from the repression that they felt from the strict religious lifestyle they followed atShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible And The Handmaids Tale Analysis1176 Words   |  5 PagesArthur Miller and The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood truth is large concept. Throughout the books truth is used to define the perception and the reality through key symbols that go above and beyond an object. In The Crucible The Bible plays an immense part in shaping characters characteristics, also in The Handmaid’s Tale it shapes one of the main motifs of the story. Throughout the two books, flowers are a meaningful symbol which is compared to a real relationship and death. 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It shows us the truth, makes us realize, pulls back the layers of cotton wool and forces us to look at the world as it really is, how it may come to be and the evils and problems within it. The Handmaids Tale, being scienceRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1060 Words   |  5 Pagesideologies that select groups of people are to be subjugated. The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood plays on this idea dramatically: the novel describes the oppression of women in a totalitarian theocracy. Stripped of rights, fertile women become sex objects for the politically elite. These women, called the Handmaids, are forced to cover themselves and exist for the sole purpose of providing children. The Handmaid’s Tale highlights the issue of sexism while also providing a cruel insight into theRead MoreHope in the Totalitarian Realm Essay33595 Words   |  135 Pagesthe Totalitarian Realm Religion and the manipulation of history are the most important steps in creating a totalitarian state. In the novels discussed the reader comes to understand true oppression results when hope and power are removed in their totality. Katherine Burdekin’s novel, Swastika Night, portrays women who are degraded and removed, stripped of identity, femininity, and important self-efficacy as societal role-players. However, Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale presents a more inclusiveRead MoreWomen s Oppression By Margaret Atwood s Handmaid s Tale942 Words   |  4 Pagesthe literature refer to universal ideas that an author explores in their literary work to communicate a message. In Margaret Atwood’s Handmaid’s Tale, the author addresses diverse themes in the novel, focusing mainly on the oppression of women by the government, society, and men through sexual abuse, male chauvinism and according to women limited rights (Hammer, 47). ​In the book, Atwood tells the reader how women were used as political instruments. The state in the story is rigid politically, and itsRead MoreA Tale of Oppression and Reaction: Handmaid ´s Tale by Margaret Atwood1196 Words   |  5 PagesIn Margaret Atwood’s Handmaid’s Tale, the character of Offred is restricted by the severe regulations of her society. The once democratic United States of America with equality for all has been turned into the theocratic and totalitarian Republic of Gilead. When Offred is affected by the strict standards of this society, she responds in audacious, yet furtive ways in order to not attract the attention of the omniscient Eyes who control the society and punish offenders After the United States becomesRead More Margaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesMargaret Atwoods The Handmaids Tale In The Handmaids Tale, Margaret Atwood tells a saddening story about a not-to-distant future where toxic chemicals and abuses of the human body have resulted in many men and women alike becoming sterile. The main character, Offred, gives a first person encounter about her subservient life as a handmaid in the Republic of Gilead, a republic formed after a bloody coup against the United States government. She and her fellow handmaids are fertile women thatRead MoreEssay Aspects of control in The Handmaids Tale and The Chrysalids2467 Words   |  10 PagesAspects of control in The Handmaids Tale and The Chrysalids Margaret Atwood and John Wyndham both write of distopian societies within the science-fiction genre to explore the varying ways in which society can abuse authority in order to gain control. This violent and dehumanising repression is used to create vulnerability and fear among the society as a method of control. The writers use the narrators Offred and David to explore the response to oppression and bothRead MoreHow Does Margaret Atwood Establish and Develop a Dystopian Narrative in Her Novel ‚Äà ²the Handmaid‚Äà ´s Tale‚Äà ´?2152 Words   |  9 PagesThroughout Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale an imagined place or state in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmentally degraded state is created through the use of multiple themes and narrative techniques. In a dystopia, we can usually find a society that has become all kinds of wrong, in direct contrast to a utopia, or a perfect society. Like many totalitarian states, the Republic of Gilead starts out as an envisioned utopia by a select few: a remade world

Job Analysis Singapores Primary Civilian Airport

Question: Write an essay on Changi Airport Singapore. Answer: Introduction 1. Introduction of the Job Changi Airport is Singapores primary civilian airport and one of the Southeast Asias largest transportation hubs. For the fourth time, it earned the worlds best Airports award and is turns out to be one of the busiest airports by cargo traffic and international passenger traffic. Changi Airport Group operates the Changi Airport (Al-Fedaghi, 2014). It serves around hundred airlines flying to three-twenty cities of approximately eighty worldwide countries and territories. In every 90 seconds a flight land or depart from here, with fifty-four million passengers travelling through the Changi Airport. Changi Airport is known to be one of the busiest cargo airports it handles around 1.85 million tonnes of cargo yearly (Bok, 2014). 1.1 Future plans of Changi Airport Group in Singapore With the increasing number of passengers each year along with the cargo transportation, Changi Airport is planning to open a new terminal 4 in the year 2017and terminal 5 by mid-2020s. They are planned and built to handle around 50 million passengers approximately in a year. A multi-use structure Jewel Changi Airport is planned to be open in 2019 which will interconnect terminals 1, 2 3. With the increasing pressure of passengers and cargo, it is necessary for the Changi Airport to have an effective an efficient to handle the work pressure, only building the structure will not help the company to continue its progress (Eglmeier, 2015). Recruitment and Selection for Changi Airport Group 2. Job Design Job design is an important function of HR management of a company, and it specifies the contents, task, responsibilities and methods of job work need to be performed by an employee in most effective and efficient manner (Fernandes, Smith, Johnson, 2011). 2.1 Senior Legal Counsel-Full Time Specifications of the job: This position requires a high-calibre, versatile lawyer having strong values, and great attitude. He needs to be highly curious, a through thinker, and determined with strong legal understanding, to be a part of the corporate team of Changi Airport. He has to help the company in tackling multi-faceted issues, and in solving unique legal challenges in to order to support the ambitious developments and manifold business operation of the Changi Airport Group (Freeman, Surridge, Matthews, Stewart, Haygarth, 2015). Task Give timely and accurate counsel to management on various legal topics like labour law, corporate finances, international ventures, etc. Participate with management to prepare efficient defence strategies Negotiate and communicate with external parties creating relations of trust Draughting of contracts, agreements and other legal documents to secure the Changi Airport Groups full legal rights Need to maintain updated knowledge of changes in legislation (Jacobs, Bruder, Lobbecke, Szurawitzki, Sabin, 2005). Job requirements Need to be experienced as a legal counsel in the same field Should have excellent understanding and knowledge of corporate procedures and law Exhibited ability to draught legal proactive and defensive strategies Outstanding and effective communication skills (Jeske Shultz, 2015) 2.2 Manager, Corporate Strategy and Business Development Specifications of the job: Being a part of the Corporate Strategy and Business Development division, the candidate has to work to enhance the companys competitiveness compelling annual planning processes, and dealing with company-wide internal consulting projects or strategies and initiatives. Task Drive organisational programmes Work in charting and steering the future for CAG by working on strategic projects to support management Work out management strategies and consulting work Development of business models Evaluating business growth strategies (Kaur Shri, 2014) Job requirements Should have a good degree in business, statistics or engineering and minimum five years of work experience in the similar field Should be self-motivated with strong logical and analytical skills, can independently manage projects, by stakeholders Have an ability to think regarding roadmaps, frameworks, and match the speculations with practical circumstances Collaborate with teams to deliver the desired objectives (Kuang, 2009) 3. Recruitment The core function of HR management is the recruitment. It refers to the whole process of attracting, selecting, and appointing best candidates for jobs within a company. Finding a suitable candidate for the organisation is a task that requires patience and proper detailing. Management reaches high-quality talent through recruitment process only (Lee, Ng, Lv, Taezoo, 2014). 3.1 Social media- social media is now no more just social. Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook, and other emerging platform are used to reach out to the passive job candidate. With the transparency factor that social media provides, employers can know about candidates like never before which gives a comprehensive picture of who is getting hired. Candidates are targeted through social media with specific skill in the relative amount of time, cost and effort invested by the management. Also, by posting information on social sites indirectly creates brand recognition (Manson Carr, 2011). Changi Airport can be found on Facebook and with about 1,192,345 likes and 34,944 followers. Twitter account of Changi Airport has more than 50 K followers, and LinkedIn has 34,819 followers and a page dedicated to a career where recently updated regarding job openings at Changi Airport Singapore are posted. A large amount of audience can be targeted through posting the job opening in these social sites, especially those who are interested in the brand and at the time candidates profiles can also be screened through on a primary basis. Changi Airport has its own webpage page dedicated to a career at Changi Airport (Meagher, 2015). 3.2 Recruitment Agencies- Recruitment Agencies are firms hired by the companies to find the appropriate candidate for them. They help in short listing the best candidates for the job. This is the best way to save valuable time of the company that may get wasted in going through all the candidates who may not be an appropriate candidate for the job. The only downside of this kind of recruitment method is the high fees they charge for their services. Mainly two kinds of recruitment agencies are their contingency firms and retained firms. Before extending the services of a recruitment, agency company should find out about their placement fee, placement success rates, billing process and procedure of short listing candidates that the agency follows (Schuster Ochieng, 2011). 3.4 Advertising in Newspaper- the most known and renowned source of advertising about a job opening is placing an advertisement in the newspaper. The reach of the newspaper is highest as compared to any other source of advertising media. By giving an advertisement in the newspaper, for example, required Senior Legal Counsel with at least five years of experience in the field. Job advertisement should be detailed and lucid enough to discourage unwanted respondents to come up for the job (Vathanophas, 2006).Top of Form Bottom of Form Top of Form Bottom of Form 4. Selection The process of recruiting the right candidate as per the persons qualifications to the current vacancy is known as strategic selection. It is an important part of the recruitment process because selecting the right candidate for the company will help in improving the output and performance of the company. In the whole selection procedure, there are three steps that would help the company to get the perfect person for the job, and they are screening, interview and selection test. The interview panel of Changi Airport will consist of the companys HR manager, current senior legal counsel, and senior corporate manager (Wyatt, 2011). 4.1 Screening/ Evaluation- the primary step of the selection procedure is to go through the resumes and application submitted by the aspiring candidates. Resumes that do not meet the required criteria will be immediately disqualified. Resumes and applicants who meet the requirements will be short listed for the next step that is job interview. The comments regarding the capabilities and experiences of the candidates will be mentioned by the HR department. These comments will help in the job interview to know about the candidate in a better way. Phone screening is also a process that can be followed to shortlist the aspiring candidates (Yaseen, 2016). **Refer to appendix for application form** 4.2 Employment Interview- a formal and detailed conversation between the hiring panel or a recruiter and the candidate is known as Interview. An interview can be conducted in three ways one to one, panel, or sequential interview. At Changi Airport Group a panel of people takes an interview of the aspiring candidate. The panel will make the decision by issues like interview format, candidates behaviour, creating and problem-solving thinking, and other details that are not mentioned in the job description (Al-Fedaghi, 2014). 4.3 Selection Tests- A selection test is a final tool that finalises the right candidate for the job. Selection tests conducted for deciding the candidate should be reliable, well draughted, standardised and according to the job profile. Candidates who pass the first two steps are called for the selection tests. These tests can be aptitude, problem analysis, lob knowledge, or personality test. For both the position of Senior Legal Counsel, and Manager, corporate strategy and business development such test are very important. For example, problem analysis test can determine the legal knowledge of the legal counsel (Bok, 2014). Conclusion A talented and efficient employee is a necessity for every company to run its operations smoothly and perfectly. And in search of such talented employees company has to follow a whole process of recruitment, selection, and implementation. For Changi Airport Group their employees are very important as they are needed to maintain the position of the Best Airport in the world and for that, a proper planning and strategy is required to hire the best candidate for the job (Kuang, 2009). References Al-Fedaghi, S. (2014). System for a Passenger-Friendly Airport: An Alternative Approach to High-Level Requirements Specification. Bok, R. (2014). Airports on the move? The policy mobilities of Singapore Changi Airport at home and abroad. Eglmeier, W. (2015). Is social media suitable for patient recruitment?.Clinical Investigation,5(6), 573-583. Fernandes, A., Smith, P., Johnson, D. (2011). Collaborative Airport Traffic System (CATS) to Evaluate Design Requirements for an Airport Surface Departure Management System. Freeman, A., Surridge, B., Matthews, M., Stewart, M., Haygarth, P. (2015). Understanding and managing de-icer contamination of airport surface waters: A synthesis and future perspectives.Environmental Technology Innovation,3, 46-62. Jacobs, M., Bruder, O., Lobbecke, G., Szurawitzki, G., Sabin, G. (2005). 1487 The Leader of a Cardiac Cathlab as "Manager". Jeske, D. Shultz, K. (2015). Using social media content for screening in recruitment and selection: pros and cons.

On Earth As It Is In Hell Essays - The Great Gatsby,

On Earth as it is in Hell Many times we hear of society's affect on people; society influencing the way people think and act. Hardly mentioned is the reverse: peoples' actions and lifestyles affecting society as a whole and how it is characterized. Thus, society is a reflection of its inhabitants and in The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, it is a wasteland described as the "valley of ashes." Since the characters of this novel make up this wasteland, aren't they the waste? Symbolically, this waste represents the lack of ethics of the 1920's society and civilization's decay. In The Great Gatsby, morals deficiencies such as a lack of God, selfishness, and idleness are reflective of a society doomed as "the valley of ashes." The worldliness of the 1920's society contributes to the image of the wasteland as "hell-like" and deprived of God. The "valley of ashes" symbolizes a society which has forgotten the importance of God, who takes a back seat to profane desires. A lack of seriousness towards God is evident in this corrupt society when Gatsby uses God's name in a lie, declaring ?"I'll tell you God's truth.' His right hand suddenly orders divine retribution to stand by. ?I am the son of some wealthy people in the middle West- all dead now.'" (p.65) During the Puritan era, this would be considered blasphemous in contrast with the moral standards of the 1920's society. A backwards people have dethroned God, replacing him with false gods of pleasure, greed and money relating to the Latin phrase Deus Absconditus, equivalent of "God has departed." Although the "valley of ashes" is hell- like and without a solid foundation of God, people still cling onto the idea that there is a god. Wilson, questioning his wife's fidelity, warns her that "God sees everything." (p.167) Though he speaks of God, his god is in the form of a billboard for an oculist named Doctor T.J. Eckleburg. He is unable to distinguish God from false idols. Perhaps the society is so far astray from God that they no longer can rectify their immoral ways. After all, the wasteland is like hell, and there's no turning back. Selfishness is a vice that contributes to New York's image as "a valley of ashes." This egocentrism is commonplace in the characters of The Great Gatsby and gives the impression of a society where people have adopted the "me first" rationale and a carelessness for altruism. Gatsby's relationship with Nick first started out that way. Gatsby became friends with Nick so that "he could ?come over' some afternoon to [ Nick's ] garden" (p.83) and catch a glimpse of Daisy whom he had waited five years for. Gatsby was using Nick to see her. His friendship with Nick became secondary to his passion for Daisy. Had Gatsby not loved her, he would have never been friends with Nick because he would not have someone to use. This selfish behavior is also present in Klipspringer, Gatsby's house guest, when he replies to Nick with uncertainty about his presence at Gatsby's funeral, "?Well, I'll try.. I'm staying with some people in Greenwich and there's a picnic or something. What I call! ed up about was a pair of shoes I left [at Gatsby's house]." (p.177) Klipspringer takes Gatsby's death with such levity, implying that the funeral is on the same plane of insignificance as that of a leisure picnic. Klipspringer displays more concern for his shoes than for the man who gave him a place to stay. He is like a parasite, taking only and giving back nothing, using Gatsby's wealth and home as the host. Klipspringer is a selfishly motivated man, and a sad reflection of the 1920's society. As the wasteland may be a place without morals, the "valley of ashes" is also without a sense of time. The 1920's society is aimless and idle. Daisy utters "?What'll we do with ourselves this afternoon, and the day after that, and the next thirty years?'" (p.125) as Daisy, Tom, Jordan and Nick sit around lazily in the room. F. Scott Fitzgerald's characters are time wasters. This dawdling shows a lack of concern over their lives and the need for objectivity. Because the

Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Biography

Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Biography Occupation:  orator; labor organizer, IWW organizer; socialist, communist; feminist; ACLU founder; first woman to head the American Communist Party Dates:  August 7, 1890 - September 5, 1964 Also Known as:  Rebel Girl of Joe Hills song Quotable Quotes: Elizabeth Gurley Flynn Quotes Early Life Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was born in 1890 in Concord, New Hampshire. She was born into a radical, activist, working-class intellectual family: her father was a socialist and her mother a feminist and Irish nationalist. The family moved to the South Bronx ten years later, and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn attended public school there. Socialism and the IWW Elizabeth Gurley Flynn became active in socialist groups and gave her first public speech when she was 15, on Women under Socialism. She also began making speeches for the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW, or Wobblies) and was expelled from high school in 1907. She then became a full-time organizer for the IWW. In 1908, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn married a miner she met while traveling for the IWW, Jack Jones. Their first child, born in 1909, died shortly after birth; their son, Fred, was born the next year. But Flynn and Jones had already separated. They divorced in 1920. In the meantime, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn continued to travel in her work for the IWW, while her son often stayed with her mother and sister. Italian anarchist Carlo Tresca moved into the Flynn household as well; Elizabeth Gurley Flynn and Carlo Trescas affair lasted until 1925. Civil Liberties Before World War I, Flynn was involved in the cause of free speech for IWW speakers, and then in organizing strikes, including those of textile workers in Lawrence, Massachusetts, and Paterson, New Jersey. She was also outspoken on womens rights including birth control, and joined the Heterodoxy Club. When World War I started, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn and other IWW leaders opposed the war. Flynn, like many other war opponents at that time, was charged with espionage. The charges were eventually dropped, and Flynn picked up the cause of defending immigrants who were being threatened with deportation for opposing the war. Among those she defended were  Emma Goldman  and Marie Equi. In 1920, Elizabeth Gurley Flynns concern for these basic civil liberties, especially for immigrants, led her to help found the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). She was elected to the groups national board. Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was active in raising support and money for Sacco and Vanzetti, and she was active in trying to free labor organizers Thomas J. Mooney and Warren K. Billings. From 1927 to 1930 Flynn chaired the International Labor Defense. Withdrawal, Return, Expulsion Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was forced out of activism not by government action, but by ill health, as heat disease weakened her. She lived in Portland, Oregon, with Dr. Marie Equi, also of the IWW and a supporter of the birth control movement. She remained a member of the ACLU board during these years. Elizabeth Gurley Flynn returned to public life after some years, joining the American Communist Party in 1936. In 1939, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was re-elected to the ACLU board, having informed them of her membership in the Communist Party before the election. But, with the Hitler-Stalin pact, the ACLU took a position expelling supporters of any totalitarian government, and expelled Elizabeth Gurley Flynn and other Communist Party members from the organization. In 1941, Flynn was elected to the Communist Partys Central Committee, and the next year she ran for Congress, stressing womens issues. World War II and Aftermath During World War II, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn advocated womens economic equality and supported the war effort, even working for Franklin D. Roosevelts reelection in 1944. After the war ended, as anti-communist sentiment grew, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn again found herself defending free speech rights for radicals. In 1951, Flynn and others were arrested for conspiracy to overthrown the United States government, under the Smith Act of 1940. She was convicted in 1953 and served her prison term in Alderson Prison, West Virginia, from January 1955 to May 1957. Out of prison, she returned to political work. In 1961, she was elected National Chairman of the Communist Party, making her the first woman to head that organization. She remained chairman of the party until her death. For a long time a critic of the USSR and its interference in the American Communist Party, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn traveled to the USSR and Eastern Europe for the first time. She was working on her autobiography. While in Moscow, Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was stricken ill, her heart failing, and she died there. She was given a state funeral in Red Square. Legacy In 1976, the ACLU restored Flynns membership posthumously. Joe Hill write the song Rebel Girl in honor of Elizabeth Gurley Flynn. By Elizabeth Gurley Flynn: Women in the War. 1942. Womens Place in the Fight for a Better World. 1947. I Speak My Own Piece: Autobiography of the Rebel Girl. 1955. The Rebel Girl: An Autobiography: My First Life (1906-1926). 1973.

The Top 20 Figures of Speech

The Top 20 Figures of Speech A figure of speech is a rhetorical device that achieves a special effect by using words in a distinctive way. Though there are hundreds of figures of speech,  here well focus on 20 top examples. Youll probably remember many of these terms from your English classes. Figurative language is often associated with literature and with poetry in particular. Whether were conscious of it or not, we use figures of speech every day in our own writing and conversations. For example, common expressions such as falling in love, racking our brains, and climbing the ladder of success are all metaphors- the most pervasive figure of all. Likewise, we rely on similes when making explicit comparisons (light as a feather) and hyperbole to emphasize a point (Im starving!). Did You Know? Figures of speech are  also known as  figures of rhetoric, figures of style, rhetorical figures,  figurative language,  and  schemes. 1:15 Watch Now: Common Figures of Speech Explained Top 20 Figures of Speech Using original figures of speech in our writing is a way to convey meanings in fresh, unexpected ways. They can help our readers understand and stay interested in what we have to say.   1.  Alliteration: The repetition of an initial consonant sound. Example: She sells seashells by the seashore. 2. Anaphora: The repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses. Example: Unfortunately, I was in the wrong place at the wrong time on the wrong day.   3. Antithesis: The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases. Example: As Abraham Lincoln said, Folks who have no vices have very few virtues. 4.  Apostrophe: Directly addressing a nonexistent person or an inanimate object as though it were a living being. Example: Oh, you stupid car, you never work when I need you to, Bert sighed. 5. Assonance: Identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words. Example: How now, brown cow? 6. Chiasmus: A verbal pattern in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the parts reversed. Example: The famous chef said people should live to eat, not eat to live. 7. Euphemism: The substitution of an inoffensive term for one considered offensively explicit.  Example: Were teaching our toddler how to go potty, Bob said. 8.  Hyperbole: An extravagant statement; the use of exaggerated terms for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect. Example: I have a ton of things to do when I get home. 9.  Irony: The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. Also, a  statement or situation where the meaning is contradicted by the appearance or presentation of the idea. Example: Oh, I love spending big bucks, said my dad, a notorious penny pincher. 10.  Litotes: A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite. Example: A million dollars is no small chunk of change. 11.  Metaphor: An implied comparison between two dissimilar things that have something in common. Example: All the worlds a stage. 12.  Metonymy: A figure of speech in a word or phrase is substituted for another with which its closely associated; also, the rhetorical strategy of describing something indirectly by referring to things around it. Example: That stuffed suit with the briefcase is a poor excuse for a salesman, the manager said angrily. 13.  Onomatopoeia: The use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. Example: The clap of thunder went bang and scared my poor dog. 14.  Oxymoron: A figure of speech in which incongruous or contradictory terms appear side by side. Example:  He popped the jumbo shrimp in his mouth. 15.  Paradox: A statement that appears to contradict itself. Example: This is the beginning of the end, said Eeyore, always the pessimist. 16. Personification: A figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstraction is endowed with human qualities or abilities. Example: That kitchen knife will take a bite out of your hand if you dont handle it safely. 17.  Pun: ​A play on words, sometimes on different senses of the same word and sometimes on the similar sense or sound of different words. Example: Jessie looked up from her breakfast and said, A boiled egg every morning is hard to beat. 18.  Simile: A stated comparison (usually formed with like or as) between two fundamentally dissimilar things that have certain qualities in common. Example: Roberto was white as a sheet after he walked out of the horror movie. 19.  Synecdoche: A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole. Example: Tina is learning her ABCs in preschool. 20. Understatement: A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker deliberately makes a situation seem less important or serious than it is. Example: You could say Babe Ruth was a decent ballplayer, the reporter said with a wink.

Voice Command Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Voice Command Technology - Essay Example Once the software is correctly set up, it should be able to recognize approximately 95% of the speaker’s utterances when spoken clearly. The software has been subject to develop for the purpose of providing a faster method of writing to the electronic device and also be able to help people having various disabilities. The technology is similarly useful to those people having physical disabilities but often find typing to be difficult, painful, or impossible. The same technology may also be helpful to those people having spelling difficulties since the recognised words are easy to spell out correctly (McGee, 2004). Engineers have been working on the voice command technology for over 40 years now. Scientists believe that around 90 percent of the face-to-face communication consists of body language (Gardner-Bonneau & Blanchard, 2008). One can only realize on this when speaking or emailing a message. The same concept explains why the cell phone was subject to invent and the protocol of telephone voice adopted. Through the vast increase in the computing power, backed up with relatively growth in the mobile communication technologies, more renewed interests into voice and speech recognition technology have occurred. Having all these reasons in mind, voice command technology has been gaining availability over years. Through its growing use, voice command technology is difficult to use in environments that require maximum silence. For example, it is difficult to use in classroom settings because of the noise interference that it will cause. Looking at the future of technology in society and individual capacities, voice recognition technology will be able to revolutionise on the manner of which people will be conducting their activities and businesses.

Health Care Information Systems and Technology Article

Health Care Information Systems and Technology - Article Example It also implies that each person involved in interacting with the information technology resources shall have easy and unrestricted access according to the information requirements and nature of work. In terms of health care settings, it means that doctors, nurses and other medical staff shall have the access to the information which directly pertains to them. It also requires that each person involved in the overall delivery of healthcare services shall have required and pertinent information. One of the key trends emerging in information technology is the use of mobile applications which medical professionals can use is on the rise. The use of mobile applications combined with the use of cloud computing technologies is considered as the next cutting edge technological innovation. X-rays can be easily seen on iPads and doctors can easily access medical imaging records of patients using mobile applications and devices. (Gallagher, 2012) One of the key requirements for completing the assignments for this course is having access to relevant information and data. Having access to patient data and other relevant and pertaining information therefore is important for seeking answers to various questions and issues raised in the assignments for this course. The various assignments given in the course are of various difficulties and it is important that in order to complete these assignments, this tool can be handy and easy to deploy to complete various assignments. It will also reduce the cost and time to complete the assignments. Healthcare information exchange as a tool therefore is one of the essential tools as it provides access to the required information. It not only ensures mobilization and access to the data and relevant information but it also suggests particular resources which can be used to complete the assignments. (Winter, et

Foreign Reserves Essay Example for Free

Foreign Reserves Essay According to the article entitled â€Å"UNDP urges prudent use of excess crude funds, foreign reserves† by Saxone Akhaine, Kaduna on April 24, 2008, the Nigeria and other African nations are having several problems when it comes to socio-economic aspects. One of the best examples in this context is the country of Nigeria. Based on research, it has been said if Nigeria utilized their crude resources in a good position, they will have an economic stability. The problem in this country is that there are no source of guidance and help from other sectors so that they can use their resources properly. The Nigerian government looses its capability to obtain greater perspectives in the issue of natural resources especially crude oil that costs billions during these times. Based on my own interpretation of this article, the author discusses all the details in simple form. The author used descriptive elements to illustrate the happenings or situations in the Nigeria as well as the issues that they experience during this day aside from poverty. However, there is no concrete resolution with the problem that the author discussed because these are sensitive issues that should not be taken for granted by the authority. It is the right of the whole Nigeria to know the real situation in their society and not only within their personal lives for the reason that it manifests their everyday living. Work Cited Saxone Akhaine, Kaduna. (2008). â€Å"UNDP Urges Prudent Use of Excess Crude Funds, Foreign Reserves† http://www. guardiannewsngr. com/news/article03//indexn2_html? pdate=240408ptitle=UNDP%20urges%20prudent%20use%20of%20excess%20crude%20funds,%20foreign%20reserves

Response to the Film William Faulkner: a Life on Paper :: Movie Film Essays

Response to the Film William Faulkner: a Life on Paper While I was watching the documentary William Faulkner, a Life on Paper I found it striking how the different people that were interviewed talked about two different sides of the author William Faulkner. His daughters, Jill Faulkner Sommers and his stepdaughter, spoke mainly about his alcohol abuse and his moodiness whereas Faulkner’s contemporaries from Oxford underlined Faulkner’s generosity and kindness. The documentary shows Faulkner not only as father of Jill and his stepdaughter but also as a father figure for many others. He had to take care of several families at once. At one point Faulkner had seventeen dependents to provide for. Many of the people that were interviewed describe Faulkner as being very generous and always willing to help others even when he had almost nothing himself. One special example is his brother Dean who died in an airplane accident and because Faulkner had bought the plane he apparently felt guilty about the death of his brother for the r est of his life as his sister-in-law says in the interview. The interviews with Faulkner’s daughter Jill and his stepdaughter show a different side of the Nobel Prize-winning author. Jill speaks about her father (whom she calls â€Å"papi†) and his alcohol habits in an objective, distanced way and seems to have accepted the fact that her father was a man who cared about many people, but sometimes â€Å"would have walked on her.† One incident she talks about struck me especially. She remembers that at a party her father was drinking once again and when she asked him to stop he said to her: â€Å"No one remembered Shakespeare’s child†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Even when we take the fact into account that he was drunk at that point, this seems to me a rather cruel thing to say to one’s daughter. Other women, however, seem to have been of great importance in Faulkner’s life among them Joan Williams, a young, aspiring author from Memphis. Talking about her Jill Faulkner Sommers says that her father liked the idea of having a â€Å"protà ©gà ©.† Other women Faulkner seems to have been greatly attached to were his mother and his grandmother. Faulkner dedicated Go Down Moses to another woman he apparently cared about very much, the family â€Å"mammy.† The dedication runs: â€Å"To Mammy Caroline Barr, who was born in slavery and gave to my family a fidelity without stint or calculation of recompense and to my childhood an immeasurable devotion and love.

Han China vs. Imperial Rome

Han China vs. Imperial Rome After a brief brush of decentralization and the experience of inclusive centralization, China evolved into its most extensive and influential period: Han China. Imperial Rome used the more traditional Republic methods to also grow to be one of the most influential and powerful empires of the classical world. While China differed with Rome on the roots of change and therefore their approach to governing, the want to expand and centralize government could only be achieved through similar paths of trade and domination.Han China chose the middle path between the two diverse methods of government and pursued the policies of administrative centralization and imperial expansion. In contrast, Imperial Rome centralized political and military power which coincided with the preservation of traditional republican offices and form of government. The Han government believed that the network of political alliances in the Zhou Dynasty caused chaos between states, but the tightly woven Qin dynasty diminished the reason for imperial family members the sustain the empire.Han China was preferably divided into administrative districts that were governed by officials. These officials reached the emperor’s expectations, but allowed his authority over them while the bureaucrats implied his policies. Although, original forms of governing were adjusted in both places; the military responded directly to the emperor or ruler to avoid the problems caused by generals commanding personal armies. Imperial Rome progressed, from a previous dictatorship, by fashioning a centralized political government and unifying military power.Imperial Rome, in comparison to Han china, handled governmental functions with more concern. The Roman Emperor accrued copious amounts of power for himself and took complete responsibility during these times. Both Imperial governments expanded their empire while maintaining an imperial government. As well as, incorporated conquered cit izens into their empire’s culture and society; Rome conquered distant lands and integrated them into the Roman Empire, and Han China dominated nearby countries such as Vietnam and Korea and orbited them into the society of the Han.Both imperial governments knew that with the expansion of their empire would come with the benefits of new trade routes. When Roman soldiers charged into less occupied areas, such as Spain, Germany and Britain, they brought with them the ideas of developing local economies and states. A problem occurred with the expansion of the Han Dynasty though, due to high taxes poor harvests and burdens of debt many landowners were forced the sell their land and often enough themselves.As smaller farmers began to fall, large estates grew and social tensions were stressed, creating more problems as well as a higher chance of social immobility in the Han society. Even though Han China was developing expansion and centralization as a new frontier for the Chinese d ynasties, while Rome was just centralizing military and political power based on traditional republican values, both empires had to progress in the same fashion. Once the broad goals have an effective path, the empires can diverge to become unique and more specialized in political power.

American Me †Poem Essay

The poem American Me, written by Ninfa Miranda-Maloney, tells the story of a Mexican immigrant who comes to the United States to live the American dream. The author incorporates ethnic aspects with her use of Spanish words sprinkled in amongst the poem. With his â€Å"spit shine shoes† (Miranda-Maloney, n. d, line 10) and â€Å"brillantina-slick back hair† (Miranda-Maloney, n. d. , line 11), a picture is painted of a young man’s pride in himself as he begins the journey of a lifetime. This is a young man ready for his new life in America. The tone quickly changes, however, as he probably soon realizes that the dream is not what he had in mind. In San Eli, where he â€Å"lived on thank yous and maybes† (Miranda-Maloney, n. d. , line 23), the reader gets the sense that the man was taken advantage of and worked hard for little compensation. The most powerful lines in the poem are â€Å"kissed your white land, broke my back, sweat a few tears for a piece of the dream† (Miranda-Maloney, n. d. , lines 27, 28, 29). The author has incorporated a racial aspect in the poem by showing referring to the white land. This is not his land, this is the â€Å"white land†. He is doing back breaking labor for â€Å"whites†, probably not what he expected as the young man full of hope chasing the American dream. The author also includes social class aspects in this poem. The poem ends with the man, now here in the United States for fifty years, still smelling the onions on his fingertips. (Miranda-Maloney, n. d. ) This leads me to believe the man is still working in the onion fields fifty years after arriving in the United States. A generalization can be made that a person from a lower social class would need to continue to work past retirement age to make ends meet. I grew up in a poor neighborhood in California. My community included many immigrants here in the United States both illegally and legally. The immigrants I have known throughout my life are generally proud Americans, though there are the few that grow bitter because their American ideals and dreams have not been met. They work hard doing difficult work for little money and not much appreciation. While I don’t personally identify with the poem, I am able to sympathize with the character as he could represent a number of people I know. My grandmother emigrated to California before my mother was born. She came to the States with the dream of giving her children a better life than the one they’d likely have in El Salvador. Throughout my life, she’s told me the stories of moving here and settling the family in the area. It was difficult for her, working many hours as a maid, but she did it for the benefit of her children. Many times throughout her first few years in the states, she considering going back home. The dream she envisioned was hardly her reality at first. I can’t imagine how difficult it would be to go to a different country where you don’t speak the language or know the culture but it happens regularly in this country. At the end of the day, the United States is a country made up of immigrants, most of which are just chasing the dream as well.

Payroll System Documentation Essays

Payroll System Documentation Essays Payroll System Documentation Essay Payroll System Documentation Essay Information Technology is the study, design, development, implementation and support management of information system. It helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate and/ or disseminate information. We used the term information technology or IT to refer to an entire industry. In actuality, information technology is the use of computers and software to manage information. In some companies, this is referred to as Management Information Services (or MIS) or simply as Information Services (or IS). The information technology department of a large company could be responsible for storing, protecting processing, transmitting and retrieving the information as necessary. Nowadays all establishment are becoming modernized, they use modern technologies to make their transaction fast, easy and accurate in order to avoid waste of time and for the sake of safety and security. It also helps human to solve and understand complex problem and analysis such as computational need of human. Especially the business establishment or corporation processing data and transaction. The success or failure of an organization in today’s highly competitive and technological business world depends on how they manage to streamline. The flow of information between their department and outside the world. Implementing a system make their transactions easy and accurate and to secure their files and data. There are different system that used by the company and other establishment; such as Inventory System which is an integrated package of software and hardware used in any business sectors to monitor the quantity, location and status of their income regarding on their products going in and out. Enrollment system is the system in a school when a student is enrolling for a specific course the school requires all the necessary information of the enrollee. Library System is a system of coding and organizing library materials (books, serials, audiovisual materials, computer files, maps, manuscripts) according to their subject and allocating a call number to that information resource and the example of complex transaction is the Payroll System which it is critical business operation dealing with numerous accounts and produce plenty and confidential files. Payroll is a financial statement that shows the total amount of money paid to the people by a particular company. It’s an accounting system that calculates the amount due to employee’s salary after the necessary deduction. It is also generating a statement of amounts to be paid to employees. It is also amount of money a company, business and establishment pay its employee at any given time. In order to pay their employees for services rendered, employers performs payroll processing which must be done in timely and accurate manner to ensure that employees receive their salary. Payroll System is system used in a series of accounting transactions dealing with the process of paying employees for services rendered, after processing of the various requirements for withholding of money from the employee for payment of payroll taxes, insurance premiums, employee benefits, garnishments and other deductions. It is use in order to make the payroll transactions fast, convenient and make data and confidential files secure. Using a manual payroll procedure can’t secure data especially for those confidential files for payroll. A manual payroll system is done by hand. This means that all wages calculations are performed on paper. An advantage using of manual payroll is that it costs very little to use. However it takes a lot of time and energy to do manual payroll processing. Using a computerized payroll system is much quicker than a manual payroll. It reduces the amount of paperwork to be filed, as most of the payroll information can be store in the system. It will not only provide an accurate calculation and fast process of payroll transaction but it will also secure data through security implementation and accordingly arrange file provided by a well designed database. A database is where you are storing your files and data for its security. It is more widely used by all users that have a computerized system by different sectors. And a Database Management System is software who operates database providing storage, access, security back-up and other facilities. The implementation of this proposed system is a great help for the Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. especially to their HR Department, Accounting Department and as well as Finance Office. They lessen their job and they can manage their payroll processing accurately. PROJECT CONTEXT The Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. located at Allah Valley Drive, Surallah South Cotabato was on its eight years operation. The school in the municipality of Surallah offered a Technical and Collegiate courses. The said institution was lack of facilities such as any computerized system had not been implemented. The said school wishes to utilize an existing hardware and software as soon as possible. As a pioneering graduating student for the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology we are tasked to develop a propose system as part of our Capstone Project. We found out that the main problem of the said institution is difficult to process payroll transactions because of their manual payroll procedure that takes a long time to finish their task due to many steps and processes to undergo. Other problems we found out are as follows: Hard in processing payroll slip and payroll form Difficulty in calculating the wages. Too much time consumption. Misplaced some employee data with plenty assigned to the bookkeeper with cause’s inconvenience to their services Files are not totally secured and there is a possibility that the files might be lost. Delay in releasing employee salary On their procedure, it will need more time and manpower to complete the payroll processing. In this problem we are implementing a Computerized Payroll System for the Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. to minimize the effort of the bookkeeper to make an efficient and accurate computation of payroll to create a well designed database and to implement strong security of the system for data secrecy. This proposed system is a great help to the accounting section of the Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. especially to the Bookkeeper and Finance Office of the said school. It will help to lessen time and effort of the Bookkeeper in filing all employee records and files as well as to the Accounting Department in preparing payments of the employees. This proposed system can accommodate and produce a paperless environment. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purposed of this study is to propose a Computerized Payroll System for Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. We found out that this school had no any Computerized System since it was started its operation that’s why we choose to implement a Computerized Payroll System for the said institution. To have a Computerized Payroll System could easily to generate and calculate all information regarding the payroll transactions it’s reason that the said institution needs a reliable, effective and easy- to- use payroll system in order to make their task faster and easier without any hassle. This Computerized Payroll System we implementing for Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. could encompass every employee of a company who receive a regular wage or other compensation. To provide an accurate calculation and fast processing of a payroll transactions. To help the said institution to comply the timely payment of the wages and salaries for the employee. To secure the employee files by using a database where to store all data regarding to the payroll and to have security for their data secrecy. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY This proposed Computerized Payroll System allows to process and issue employee print out report for their Pay Slip and Payroll Statement. It will compute wages and deductions and enter data into a well designed database for its security. It will record all employee information such as transfer and resignations in order to maintain and update payroll records. It will help to lessen time and effort of the Bookkeeper in Accounting Department in preparing payments of the employee. This proposed system will lessen their job and they can manage their payroll processing accurately. SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM This study is designed to develop a Computerize Payroll System for the Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. It covers the process of preparing Pay Slip of each employee. The system is designed to compute for the income of an employee whether regular or contractual. It is also developed with features used to provide ease in searching and updating records such as search, add, edit and delete. It will compute for the total net income of an employee by adding the bonuses to the gross income and deducting the taxes and fees from the gross income. It will keep the records safety and computing the exact wages of each employee, including the stored report list of employee such as hourly or weekly basis salary, net pay, overtime and some deductions including PHILHEALTH, SSS, Cash Advances and others. LIMITATIONS OF THE SYSTEM This proposed Computerize Payroll System for the Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. can only provide the print out report for the Pay Slip and Payroll Statement for the employee. It has a security feature where only an authorize personnel are allowed to access the system which therefore guarantees company employees the reliability that they desire. The system is limited to designated officials in the Payroll department since it will incorporate a security measure. The Payroll Administrator only has a responsible for adding new employees, updating employee’s records and changing all employee information. OBJECTIVES This proposed system is designed to provide a fast and reliable automated solution for the recording and processing of the salary of an employee. The main objectives of this research are to develop a Computerize Payroll system for Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. To prepare a detailed salary records of all employees in an institution. To generate Pay Slips through the calculation of salary and to ensure the proper use of manpower. The specific concern of this system are as follows: To minimize the effort of the Bookkeeper in processing and preparing the payments of an employee. To lessen the hassle in manually computing an employees net income. To ensure that employees are paid, contractual obligations are met and taxed and other withholding duties are upheld. To provide ease, lessen the possible errors and produce faster results. To determine whether an employee is a regular, fulltime or part time since a egular employee or full time employee has a different computation than that which is casual or contractual. To ensures quick and accurate computation of a certain employees monthly salary, hourly or weekly salary depending on factors such as basic pay, benefits, bonuses, taxes, exemptions as well as other compensations and deductions Fast, accurate and reliable results are going to be produce by this system ther efore proving it to be effective enough to meet the company’s needs regarding the Payroll System. Technical Background Through hard work and tough research and having enough knowledge, we come up to a conclusion that our study is technically feasible. The user of the system can maintain, operate the system easily and back up files such as payroll report and other cash transaction. Hardware Specification: ITEM/PART SPECIFICATION MonitorAOC 15† PrinterEpson LX-300+11 AVRUltra Power 300-220 v Black CD-ROM DriveLG ProcessorL775 Pentium D 3. 06 GHz MouseGenius Ps2 Hard DiskSeagate 80G IDE KeyboardAsus P458X MotherboardMB S940 AM2 MemoryDDR-1GB PC-400 Kingston Software Specification: Microsoft Windows XP Microsoft SQL Server Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 OPERATIONAL The Holy Child College of Information Technology Inc. Payroll System will be used by the HR Department and Finance Office once it will be installed. Payroll System will be operated by the HR personnel. The benefit will always goes to the departments and to the employees as well. We also make sure that the system is easy to use and user fri endly. ECONOMICAL Estimated cost of the Proposed Hardware and Software. Hardware ITEM/PART SPECIFICATION AMOUNT MonitorAOC 15†6,500 PrinterEpson LX-300+112,800 AVRUltra Power 300-220 v Black400 CD-ROM DriveLG2,500 ProcessorL775 Pentium D 3. 06 GHz9,295 MouseGenius Ps2450 Hard DiskSeagate 80G IDE5,400 KeyboardAsus P458X950 MotherboardMB S940 AM22,500 MemoryDDR-1GB PC-400 Kingston1,460 TOTAL 32,255php Software Microsoft Windows XP(Licensed)5,500 Microsoft SQL Server(Licensed)5,000 Microsoft Visual Studio 2005(Licensed)5,500 TOTAL 32,255 php LOCAL RELATED LITERATURE Cagayan de Oro City Hall Computerized Payroll System The City Accounting Department has introduced an upgraded computerized ayroll system for permanent employees in a bid to improve its services and maximize resources. This project, which was conceived two years ago, basically aims to improve our services particularly in the processing of payrolls for permanent employees, City Accountant Wilma Polley-Rugay told payroll in-charge of the different departments and offices at City Hall during a briefing and orientation on the concept of the one-month payroll system held Friday last week at the City Council session hall in Cagayan de Oro City. With the added features of the new computerized payroll system, Rugay said the preparation, processing and payment of payroll system to permanent employees would be hastened and fast-tracked. Adopting of the one-month payroll system is also beneficial, not only to the City Accounting Department, but also to the payroll-in-charge as it would save time, energy and resources. Employees who handle payroll preparation and processing can now attend to other office needs and concerns as the new payroll system will lessen their workload, she added. Under the new payroll system, preparation and processing of payroll, which reflects the accrued, amount payable every 15th and 30th day of the month, done only once. Unlike the time-consuming old payroll system, preparation and processing of payroll is done twice a month covering the first half and second half of the month. (www. sunstar. com. ph) Computerized Payroll System of Department of Health (DOH) The Computerized Payroll System is a window based program especially designed to facilitate and simplify the monthly preparation of general payroll and related reports such as Standard computerized payroll system for use in all DOH offices, Allows faster and more accurate computation of monthly gross income, deductions and net salary, Faster and less-resource-consuming generation of General Payroll and other payroll related reports, Security and integrity of payroll data and information. The Features of computerized payroll system of DOH are Graphical User Interface, Interactive and menu-driven program, Systematic maintenance and retrieval of employee records, Flexible as it provides options to include additional fields for other compensation and deductions unique to an office or unit, Automatic omputation of monthly net income, GSIS, PAG-IBIG, Withholding Tax and other deductions, Y2K compliant, Fast and easy generation of the General Payroll and all other payroll related reports which include Monthly reports like GSIS and PAG-IBIG remittances, Denominations Report and Leave Credits Report and annual Year-end Tax Reports, Password security to ensure the integrity of data. General payroll reports such as Payroll Summary sheet, Pay slip, Leave Credits Report, Withholding Tax Statement (W-2), BIR Remittance Reports, GSIS Remittance Reports, PAG-IBIG Remittance Reports, Other User-defined Reports (PERA, ACA, PNB, etc.. ). (www2. doh. gov. ph) The proponents learned from this study that the Cagayan de oro and Department of Health has its own database for their employees. They stored the information of the employees to the database that represent each employee’s records as a separate persistent object. FOREIGN RELATED LITERATURE Titus Information Payroll System A Payroll System designed to produce payroll checks with appropriate withholdings, benefits, allowances, and deductions for employees in multiple companies, departments, and/or sub-departments. It has been designed to handle up to 1,000,000 employees in 100 companies, 1,000 departments in each company, and 36 sub-departments in each department. Some of the features and benefits of the Payroll System are multiple cost centers for payroll reporting, will handle special non-taxable benefits for ministers, flexible withholding capability, ability to split payroll expense between different cost centers, complete governmental reporting; FICA, FUTA, SUTA, Workmans Compensation, W-2s, and 1099s, Payroll check reversal, One check capability, Salaried, hourly, and contract employees in the same payroll run, Combined processing for weekly, bi-weekly, semi-monthly, or monthly, Taxable and non-taxable benefits and deductions, Multiple hourly rates for each employee, General ledger interface, Check list UFD file for check reconciliation, Extensive personnel information for each employee, Accrual of sick, vacation, and holiday hours, Flexible federal, state, and local taxation, Multiple company, department, and sub-department capability, Flexible benefit and deduction capability, Easy federal, state, and local tax table maintenance, Split income over multiple companies, departments, sub-departments, Payroll accrual/reversal capabilities, Time card data entry function, Special message function for printing on check stubs. (Www. titusinformationsystems. com) Canadian Payroll System Sage Accpac Canadian Payroll is a flexible module that gives you complete control over employee earnings and benefits, special payroll situations and government reporting, ensuring that your companys payroll requirements and personnel policies are accurate to the penny. You can enter or import timecards, enter after-the-fact paycheques, run automatic calculations or even combine all three methods to get your pay data into the system and your paycheques deployed on time. Payroll handles all pay frequencies; multiple work states; unlimited earnings, deductions, benefits and taxes; and other pay factors such as expense reimbursements, accruals and advances. (www. 2020software. com) CONCLUSION

Celebrate the Saturnalia Festival

Celebrate the Saturnalia Festival For how many years shall this festival abide! Never shall age destroy so holy a day! While the hills of Latium remain and father Tiber, while thy Rome stands and the Capitol thou hast restored to the world, it shall continue.- Saturnalia Conspicuous Consumption in Saturnalia as in Christmas Around Christmas, its often difficult to separate commerce from religion. I want to do something different this year. Put up something other than a Christmas tree and creche to which the wooden wise men move nearer each day. Maybe Ill wear a funny peaked cap, buy my friends beeswax candles useful gifts in the event of a power failure, let my son (as Lord of Misrule) plan the day, and just maybe Ill celebrate it early... on December 17, the day of the Saturnalia. The Increasing Period of Saturnalia Celebration This Saturnalia problem may sound familiar. After all, stores put out their Christmas merchandise before Halloween these days. The Saturnalia was originally celebrated in Ancient Rome for only a day, but it was so popular it soon lasted a week, despite Augustus efforts to reduce it to three days, and Caligulas, to five. Like our Christmas, this important holy day (feriae publicae) was for more than fun and games. Saturnalia was a time to honor the god of sowing, Saturn. But again, like our Christmas, it was also a festival day (dies festus) on which a public banquet was prepared. An effigy of the god was probably one of the guests. Saturnalia Was the Best Part of the Roman Year The poet Catullus describes Saturnalia as the best of days. It was a time of celebration, visits to friends, and gift-giving, particularly of wax candles (cerei), and earthenware figurines (sigillaria). The best part of the Saturnalia (for slaves) was the temporary reversal of roles. Masters served meals to their slaves who were permitted the unaccustomed luxuries of leisure and gambling. Clothing was relaxed and included the peaked woollen cap that symbolized the freed slave, which looks an awful lot like Santa Clauss peaked red hat . A member of the familia (family plus slaves) was appointed Saturnalicius princeps, roughly, Lord of Misrule. Celebrate the Saturnalia in the 21st Century Im not alone in my desire to do something... old. Biblioteca Arcana and Nova Roma offer suggestions for turning December 17 into a celebration of Saturnalia. Bringing trees indoors to decorate is a modern custom. Nova Roma suggests decorating outdoor trees with sun and star symbols  and using swathes of greenery over doorways, windows, and on people. But Nova Roma emphasizes that decorations are secondary to revelry, feasting, drinking, merry-making, pranks, and gift-giving of Saturnalia. If you can get your friends and neighbors in the spirit, wrangle a parade permit from your municipality so you can dance (like a Roman) in the street. Biblioteca Arcanas suggestions are for celebrating the religious aspects of the Saturnalia and its two adjoining holidays, the Opalia for Saturns wife, Ops, goddess of plenty, and the Consualia for Consus, god of the storage bin. The site provides a complete ritual with an equipment list, information on preparation, location, timing, the banquet, and the conclusion. Io Saturnalia! Also see: Saturnalia Article

By studying the particular situation in somalia,illustrate how poverty Essay - 1

By studying the particular situation in somalia,illustrate how poverty links with conflict and vice versa ,and suggest ways in which international organisations can help realistically and effectively - Essay Example This led to a period when the country underwent a form of decentralization as independent regional governments were formed in the North by different groups (Thomashausen, 2002). The war against the ruling Somali government began near the end of the 1970s when the then socialist government began seeking out individuals suspected of taking part in the attempted coup dà ©tat of 1978 and executing them. Though the government captured many of these individuals who were military and government officials, a number of them managed to escape and flee the country (Degu, 2007). These ex officials began to form the first dissident groups that were determined to see Major General Mohamed Siad Barre, the leader of the government removed from power even if it meant the use of force. The demise of the ruling government and its army was the source of a power vacuum that was left as a result, and the main cause for the civil war that ensued thereafter as the different factions that had fought together to oust the Major general now fought with one another as each tried to assume control of essential regions most notably, the country’s capital (Thomashausen, 2002). Groups that had once been allies turned into foes as they failed to see eye to eye and agree over who should assume control from the fallen general leading to bloody clashes in which countless of innocent lives were lost in the process as they were caught up in between the warring factions. Though the conflict existed before this time, the main focus will be on the war from 1991 onwards for the purpose of this essay. In the year 1992, the United Nations decided to become involved in the civil war through helping those who were affected by it via providing human relief to those who were affected as well as help restore order in the country. One of the ways in which the UN strived to achieve these objectives was

Conditional Fee or Contingent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conditional Fee or Contingent - Essay Example The essay "Conditional Fee or Contingent" talks about the conditional fee which is in the United States or in other words, a contingent fee in the United Kingdom is a fee system which provides services where the fee is only to be paid if a constructive result is shown. This system is also known as ‘no win no fee’ system. No win no fee system, in general, is an English legal system which refers to a conditional fee contract amid a customer and a law. The process of this agreement is that a lawyer will take the authority of this law or case, by knowing the fact that if lost than he or she will not be rewarded or paid. But if the case is won by the solicitor, he or she will be paid on hourly basis. As a contrast with the US, the triumph fee is much greater than the normal fee in the UK. Conditional fee system is usually found in countries such as in England, Canada, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, France, Greece, Japan, the Dominican Republic, B razil and in the US. Conditional fees permitted for a limited series of cases such as personal injury, insolvency etc. cases in 1999. But in 2000, legal aid was not obtainable for injuries, fatal accidents, business matters or law for partnerships. Legal aid got banned due to the more appropriate proceedings because of conditional fees. There are many advantages of conditional fee agreement as it provides admittance to the courts for the people who do not have enough money to pay the fees of lawyers and the overheads of civil court cases.

Should Canada, North America, and Central America form an American Essay

Should Canada, North America, and Central America form an American Empire, or super-state, similar to the European Union - Essay Example ree leaders, President Bush, Canadian Prime Minister Martin, and President Fox of Mexico conferred to deliberate upon bringing the North American countries as one. The leaders had agreed to settle for a condition in which both political and economic policies on security and antiterrorism would be integrated encompassing sectors as immigration, energy, transportation, and customs and to be complied with by the nations involved. Combining regulations to such extent might to some point yield the desired results however, since it would eventually expedite border crossing and facilitate an approach that favors ease in clearance of commodities and people at the continental level, one would not afford but imagine how it would give further allowance to entries beyond good cause. Once boundaries become freely movable, there would be huge probability toward illegal trade of goods as in smuggling, drug trafficking, and prostitution. Additionally, the common security perimeter would most likely induce elements that run counter to preservation of culture unique for each nation (Edwards). Super-state formation, on considering adoption of foreign policy, may entail threat to laws or acts made to protect both human health and environment. Just like the initial step by NAFTA, SPP has also targeted to modify certain regulations that enable corporations or private business firms to file charges against provincial and municipal governments. Later on, this would lessen the chance for environmentalists to express and defend their concerns since the new set of standards regard commercial motives more than environmental impact and would thus limit favor on establishing safety measures on humanitarian aspect. As it turns out, the union inhibits a sense of democracy especially when Amero becomes the new currency upon the mergence (Wells). The associated plan to establish a global transportation system is initially difficult to gauge given the complexity of the transportation

John Lewis Creates A Culture Business Essay

John Lewis Creates A Culture Business Essay Strategic human resource management is an informative process which is always developing and being studied and talked about by academics and commentators. As mentioned by Wright McMahan, SHRM refers to the pattern of planned human resource activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals.Human resource strategy is the result of a set of decisions a company makes about the humans with whom it does business. Human Resource Management is also a strategic and comprehensive approach to managing people and the workplace culture and environment. Strategic Human Resource Management is focal point of activities which are related to employee of the organisation. In any organisation human resource management strategy is crucial to manage human resource in the right way. Strategy also gives the path for organisation to select right person in the right place. Management of the companys employees and their right approach in todays business can greatly effect on the companys overall performance. A strategic approach in Human Resource Management is essential especially in expanding companies. Starting from right staffing to maintaining performing employees, HR management is means in developing not only the employees, but the entire organization itself. Human Resources includes a broad range in management. A growing company depends on its existing success which can sustain and further develop its business starting with the right staffing. As demands for the product or services increase, additional manpower is needed to comply with them. The current manpower should be checked but not simply if they can comply with the demands, but it has to ensure that it can still keep its quality and standards. Mass production or bulk orders should not be an excuse in decreasing quality, hence, increased customer dissatisfaction and decreased sale .Strategic human resource management is human resource management carried out in a strategic way. The human resource activities are linked to the achievement of the organizations overall objectives. This is the new way of managing human resources as compared to personnel management. For a company that is already recognized in the industry and is eyeing on expansion, their status and reliability should be maintained. The leaders of the company can now focus on the products itself and expansion, and let the HR department handle the development of the organization. Keeping an eye on the companys long-term goals, mission and vision, the development of performance standards is essential to identify potential problems, non-performing employees and compliance to tasks and standards. Minor employee and performance problems should be seen immediately to avoid any future inconvenience and potential problems to the customers and thus become a liability to the company. HRM professionals can also identify the processes and the proper staffing for each of these activities, and in effect, the systems and approach in terms of the companys front line operations can be improved to decrease manpower hours, improve quality, streamline processes, and elevate standards. The success and growth of a small company can be attributed to its culture. Due to its size, Communication between all employees is not complicated. And alongside this communication, the trust and organizational goals are easily shared and understood by everyone. And in its growth, it is important that this culture is maintained and adjust to changes accordingly. HR professionals can work both with management and employees in doing this. With increase in employees and more demands in operations, communication may take a backseat for both parties. However, Human Resources Management can amend this and become a bridge in establishing what the management wants from employees and vice-versa. In its continuous development, it is but imperative that the management or its owner be prepared for more arduous tasks in operations and leading the rest of the team towards continued success. Management should be equipped with the right skills in planning, leading, organizing and establishing standards. As they are the ones who will eventually be focused in developing the company instead of the operations and technical aspects, a higher understanding of this responsibility is essential, and this also plays a significant part once competition is put into the picture. Companies fail because of a number of reasons, and mismanagement can be one of them. Operations may spin out of control if personal agendas and politics are placed, and in growing companies, this should be monitored and prevented. Developing not only management but also its employees is significant. To keep up with competition, employees should be given with a number of reasons to stay with the company, and do their jobs exemplary well. Their continuous growth, the right compensation and benefits, and work-life balance are just some of the things that motivate employees to perform better, producing better results for the customers and ultimately, the company. r Recruitment and selection à ¢-  Learning and talent development à ¢-  Human resource planning à ¢-  Provision of equal opportunities à ¢-  Managing diversity à ¢-  Motivating workers to achieve improved performance à ¢-  Employee counselling à ¢-  Talent management à ¢-  Payment and reward of employees à ¢-  Health and safety à ¢-  Redundancy à ¢-  Encouraging involvement and engagement à ¢- Change management à ¢-  Managing cross-cultural issues or international HRM. All will be concerned in some way to ensure that HRM activities add value by helping the organisation achieve its strategic objectives. They will focus on ensuring that the overall HR policies and procedures support the strategic objectives and that there is consistency in approach and implementation across the organisation. However, for each activity it is likely that other managers will also be involved to some extent. Line managers will be concerned with the actual implementation of the policies and procedures in so far as they affect their team, whereas the HR specialists will also be involved in the bigger picture, although the extent of the differences in role will vary between organisations. Tesco aims to ensure all roles work together to drive its business objectives. Tesco needs to ensure it has the right number of people in the right jobs at the right time. To do this, it has a structured process for recruitment and selection to attract applicants for both managerial and operational roles. Evaluate the contribution of strategic human resource management to the achievement of organisation objectives. Organisations are implementing strategic HR as a change agent, not to replace an out dated personnel department. Even though there is still confirmation within the UK that once these involvements are implemented, they just reinstate the role of the personnel department. To be effective HR belongs on the board of an organisation. The organisation that will be reviewed is Tescos; during the past decade they have introduced strategic HR with increased training of employees. The role of HR within the organisation has increased in importance. Their practice of training and the importance of HR will be reviewed with the current theory. This organisation was chosen, through their introduction of strategic HR policies, which has led to an increase in business. This has demonstrated they are a first class provider of training to their employees, and has given scope for the organisation to expand into new markets. Tescos operates in a very competitive market; the consumer has a choice where to shop for their groceries. They have expanded their portfolio to include CDs, DVDs, electrical goods and clothing. Recently they have expanded into the financial services offering customers products from Credit cards to insurance. All their products are available on the internet 24 hours a day. Their slogan every little helps is used to show their commitment to customers, this has been used to reduce prices and to increase the level of customer service. This slogan is now used in their staff training, that any intervention will increase the knowledge of the work force. The organisation is widely reported in news papers, this is due to the success of the business. They are rapidly expanding in the UK with the opening of their Metro stores and into new and foreign markets. This has taken a great deal of their resources in the planning and implementing stage of expansion. The core units need to remain focused, to retain the reputation they have built. Reinforcing the culture and values through training will focus employees on their roles. AC 2.1 Analysis the business factors that underpin human resource planning in organisation. Human resources planning is a process that identifies current and future human resources needs for an organization to achieve it goals. Human resources planning should serve as a link between human resources management and the overall strategic plan of an organization. Business growth business decline business change labour cost control changing nature of work impact of technology employee development etc There are things, events, or situations that occur that affect the way a business operates, either in a positive or negative way. These things, situations, or events that occur that affect a business in either a positive or negative way are called driving forces or environmental factors. There are two kinds of driving forces; Internal driving forces, and external driving forces. Internal driving forces are those kinds of things, situations, or events that occur inside the business, and are generally under the control of the company. Examples might be as mentioned below technological capacity, organizational culture, management system financial manageme employee morale. External driving forces are those kinds of things, situation, or events that occur outside of the company and are by and large beyond the control of the company. Examples of external driving forces might be, the industry itself, the economy, demographics, competition, political interference, etc. whether they are internal or external driving forces, one thing is certain for both. Change will occur! A company must be cognizant of these changes, flexible, and willing to respond to them in an appropriate way. External driving forces can bury a business if not appropriately dealt with. The question is, how does a business know what changes are occurring so that they can deal with them in a positive way. OK, thats the next issue. In order for a business to succeed and gain the competitive edge, the business must know what changes are indeed occurring, and what changes might be coming up in the future. I guess you might call this forecasting. Thus, critical to the business is what we call informational resources. It is the collection and analyzation of data. Some examples of critical information might include the following: Competition (what are they doing?) Customer behaviour (needs, wants, and desires) Industry out look (local, national, global) Demographics (the change populations, there density, etc.) Economy (are we peaking, or moving negatively) Political movements and/or interference Social environment Technological changes General environmental changes The above are just some issues organizations must be on top of. Well its never easy, but businesses that are successful include all of the above (and more), to develop the appropriate tactics, strategies, and best practices, to ensure successful out comes ) AC 2.2 Asses the human resource requirement in a given situation The main purpose of the human resources function is to recruit, select, train and develop staff. This means finding the right people, training and developing them so they achieve their maximum potential and creating systems that achieve high levels of morale and motivation. HR departments also often have the following responsibilities: 2.2.1Workforce planning This department is a major area of HRM. This involves anticipating in advanc requirements of the organisation both in terms of employees required and the appropriate skill mix. This will help the firm to predict likely changes in employment required, recognise future trends, in training and employ new human resources to meet these trends. 2.2.2Recruitment and selection Recruitment and selection is about appointing the best person to do the job. 2.2.3Working conditions Working conditions such as the temperature, amount of light, toilet facilities could also affect an employees motivation. 2.2.4Induction training career development Induction training is given to a new job holder. This could include: history of the business, tour of the premises, introduction to other employees, health and safety procedures including fire evacuation, being shown how to use machinery. Induction training helps new employees to settle and become effective quickly. 2.2.5Appraisal Appraisal is the process of assessing the effectiveness of a process or an employee. 2.2.6Consultation Consultation: asking for the views of those who will be affected by a decision. These views should then be taken into account by the executive responsible for taking the decision. 2.2.7Promotion and transfers Promotion is when someone as being appointed to a more responsible and respectable job. Transfers is when someone as been transfer to a different department or to a different place for work. 2.2.8Termination of employment This is a better way of saying that an employee has been fired from their job. 2.2.9Pay, rewards fringe benefits Any benefit received by employees in addition to their wages or salary. Common fringe benefits are a company pension scheme, a company car and discounts when buying the firms products. 2.2.10Wage bargaining This is where an employee will negotiate their salary with their manager. Because the employee fells that it is time for a wage increase. 2.2.11Heath and safety issues Imposes on employers the duty to ensure, the health, safety and welfare at work of all staff. Firms must provide all necessary safety equipment and clothing free of charge. Employers must provide a safe working environment. Finally, all firms with five or more employees must have a written safety policy on display. 2.2.12Employment legislation Employment legislation is where employees need to follow certain rules and conditions in order to work for the organisation. AC 2.3 Develop a human resources plan for Tesco. Human resources planning refer to classic HR administrative functions, and the evaluation and identification of human resources requirements for meeting organizational goals. It also requires an assessment of the availability of the qualified resources that will be needed. Human resources planning should be a key component of nearly every corporations strategic business planning.To ensure their competitive advantage in the marketplace, organizations must implement innovative strategies that are designed to enhance their employee retention rate and recruit fresh talent into their companies There are six work levels in the Tesco. This gives a clear structure for managing and controlling the organisation. Each level requires particular skills and behaviours. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work level 1 frontline jobs working directly with customers. Various in-store tasks, such as filling shelves with stock. Requires the ability to work accurately and with enthusiasm and to interact well with others. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work level 2 leading a team of employees who deal directly with customers. Requires the ability to manage resources, to set targets, to manage and motivate others. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work level 3 running an operating unit. Requires management skills, including planning, target setting and reporting. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work level 4 supporting operating units and recommending strategic change. Requires good knowledge of the business, the skills to analyse information and to make decisions, and the ability to lead others. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work level 5 responsible for the performance of Tesco as a whole. Requires the ability to lead and direct others, and to make major decisions. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Work level 6 creating the purpose, values and goals for Tesco plc. Responsibility for Tescos performance requires a good overview of retailing, and the ability to build a vision for the future and lead the whole organisation. Tesco has a seven-part framework that describes the key skills and behaviours for each job at every level in the company. This helps employees understand whether they have the right knowledge, skills or resources to carry out their roles. Recruitment Recruitment involves attracting the right standard of applicants to apply for vacancies. Tesco advertises jobs in different ways. The process varies depending on the job available. Tesco first looks at its internal Talent Plan to fill a vacancy. This is a process that lists current employees looking for a move, either at the same level or on promotion. If there are no suitable people in this Talent Plan or developing on the internal management development programme, Options, Tesco advertises the post internally on its intranet for two weeks. Selection involves choosing the most suitable people from those that apply for a vacancy, whilst keeping to employment laws and regulations. Screening candidates is a very important part of the selection process. This ensures that those selected for interview have the best fit with the job requirements. In the first stages of screening, Tesco selectors will look carefully at each applicants curriculum vitae (CV). The CV summarises the candidates education and job history to date. A well-written and positive CV helps Tesco to assess whether an applicant matches the person specification for the job. The company also provides a job type match tool on its careers web page. People interested in working for Tesco can see where they might fit in before applying. The process Tesco uses to select external management candidates has several stages. Tesco have a plan to recruit and select appropriate employees for the right post. 2.4 Critically evaluate how a human resources plan can contribute to meeting Tescos objectives. The HR Plan is a working document that allows us to show what we are doing and what we have achieved. The plan includes an overview of the achievements of the HR Department and a review of the previous Strategy and HR targets Human resource contributes the success of the company but some changes in the organisation effect in the human resource plan. So positive aspect of the human resource always not the same in some cases it may be criticize. Human resource plan is the key shape of the organisation which guides the company how to do operate the human resource department. Human resource plan is the key to an effective to decision making process. With the help of the efficient human resource the decision by the company can be effective. If human resource plan is effectively implemented it will positively contribute to the achievement of the organisations objectives. Some of the points which are contributing the company are as follow: Shape of the organisation The shape of the organization rely matter in the achievement of organization objectives. So HRM need to plan about it.HRM can help the organization in order to omit all the unnecessary employment from the organization. Thus it is also help in order to find the excess in human resource in the company. According to the requirements of the company if the structure does not match then the human resource plan will not help effectively. Communication Communication plays vital role in the organization it is considered most crucial part in the organization. In any organization human resource management is a communicator for the organizations employees. In the perspective of communication human resource need to be effective. Communication is a barrier and helps to maintain the demand and supply level in the organization and keep them in the right track. Training and development. The skills of the employees are sharpened by training and development. It enables the employees to keep them up to date with the latest requirements.Traning is necessary in order to facilitator with the new technology, because technology is a source to save the time and maximize the benefits. Transfer of knowledge. This modern era is the era of globalization and every organization is connected globally and can be. And in this way they can recruit human resource globally. But the time and experiences are different according to the time and new trends requirements. Human resource deals with effective way in order to lead the employees because they know how to deal with the situation the implementation of plan human resource would be effective. Human resource would be effective depending on the implementation of the plan. In the organisation how they make the plan and what process they set to implementation is the major. 3.1 explain the purpose of human resource management policies in Tesco. Purposes HR policies allow an organization to be clear with employees on: The nature of the organization. What they should expect from the organization. What the organization expects of them. How policies and procedures work. What is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour? The consequences of unacceptable behaviour. The establishment of policies can help an organization demonstrate, both internally and externally, that it meets requirements for diversity, ethics and training as well as its commitments in relation to regulation and corporate governance. For example, in order to dismiss an employee in accordance with employment law requirements, amongst other considerations, it will normally be necessary to meet provisions within employment contracts and collective bargaining agreements. The establishment of an HR Policy which sets out obligations, standards of behaviour and document disciplinary procedures, is now the standard approach to meeting these obligations. There has been an increase in training within the organisation; all employees now receive more training than before. This is a result of the HR department taking a strategic role. HR is not an administrative department within Tesco; they are proactive and are on the strategic level of the organisation. This increase in training priority has been supported by a rise in Human Resource Management. This practice emphasises that increased growth can only be maintained in the long run; by equipping the work force with the skills they need to complete their tasks (Mullins, L. 2005). The learning process has been challenged to create a culture that allows continual learning throughout the organisation. As knowledge is what matters, organisations and individuals alike must become continuous learners (Hawkins, P 1994). The organisation runs an academy that recognises skills in the individual. The training is identified from core, operational and leadership skills. All employees can access the core skills. These development programmes are tailored to the individuals skill level. The delivery method for the training is varied, allowing for the individuals learning preference. 3.2 analyse the impact of regulatory requirement on human resource policies in an organisation. Regulatory requirements are those requirements which are concerned about the employment law ,regulation requirements ,discrimination of law, data protection law and also human rights are related to these requirements. There is a question how an organisation can access to their rules and other activities which are affected to other stakeholders. Tesco provides several health and safety programmes and to the public as an additional activities. Employess dismissel: Without following the correct procedure or having a fair reason is directly to escort to a claim for unfair or wrongful dismissal successful claims damages can be substantial. The cost of defending a claim in particular times of a management time may be important and it does not matter you win or loss. HR policies can also be very effective at supporting and building the desired organizational culture. For example recruitment and retention policies might outline the way the organization values a flexible workforce, compensation policies might support this by offering a 48/52 pay option where employees can take an extra four weeks holidays per year and receive less pay across the year. Training and development policies As part of Every Little Helps,Tesco commitment to their people is that they will give them the opportunity to get on so that they are able to get the training they need to do their job and to develop their careers at Tesco. They want Tesco to be a great place to work for all our staff. Thats why they want everyone here to feel free to follow the career path thats right for them. There are a number of ways Tesco supports their people to achieve this, be it through an Options Development Programme, offering an Apprenticeship or encouraging the studying for a qualification whilst at work. Health and safety policy: Tesco measures health and safety performance using reportable accident rates, which they report each quarter to the Compliance Committee and annually to the Executive Board. Stores measure their own performance as well through the Store Steering Wheel, which Tesco set targets for reducing injury rates in each specific site. The main causes of injury remain slips, trips and manual handling. Tesco ran an accident awareness campaign in October 2009, in which we highlighted key safety messages to all staff. All stores apart from Express now have special clean as you go tools. In January this year Tesco ran a further campaign called see it, sort it, report it!, encouraging staff to give their feedback on near misses and how Tesco can improve safety. 4.1 analyse the impact of an organisational structure on the management of human resources. An organisation structure consists of action like task allocation supervision and co ordination ,which are leaded the betterment of organizational aims .It might be concerned as the viewing perspective through which individual can see their organisation and its environment ,an organisation can be structured or formed in many different ways, depending on their objectives. The structure of an organisation will be determined the modes in which ways it operates and performs. An organizational structure determines the desired allocation of responsibilities for several functions and process of different equities such as branch, workgroup and branch workgroup. Organization structure effects organizational action in two ways. Firstly it allocates or provides the best foundation on which standard operating procedures and rest of routines. Secondly it concerned in which of the individual involve to participate in the process of decision making. Hence it also helps in order to understand what kind of their views can help in the organizations action. There are several ways through which organization are structured, Functionally as it is explained above, regional area a geographical structure e,g within a marketing manager products like crisps and drinks. 4.2 analyze the impact of an organizational culture on the management of human resources: All organizations will have a culture which will have an impact on the way employees behave within the organization.. Employees are seen as a key resource. Our core definition of HRM from Storey talked about cultural aspects of HRM, so part of the way in which employees, as a key resource, can be managed is through the use of organizational culture to generate commitment to the organization and its values. Thus, as Ogbonn(1992: 80) notes, the achievement of HRM objectives requires the management of the organizational value system (culture) and this requires skilful implementation. Often within tourism and hospitality such values will be concerned with encouraging employee buy in to the customer care and service quality initiatives, which organizations see as a form of competitive advantage in the crowded market place. Organizational culture refers to the pattern of beliefs, values, and learned ways of coping with experience that have developed during the course of an organizations history, and which tend to be manifested in its material arrangements and in the behaviour of its members. For many this can be succinctly summarized as, The way we do things around here (Deal and Kennedy, 1988. This process of unlocking commitment and enthusiasm is by no means straightforward or uncontested (Thompson and McHugh, 2001). For example, we should be aware of the notions of sub-cultures, such that all organizational members might not subscribe to the organizational vision. Recognition of the potentially contested nature of organizational culture is important because it points to the manner in which there may be a disjuncture between the rhetoric and reality of organizational culture. Brown (1998) expresses this point as the espoused culture and the culture in practice. The former may be the positive view that is presented for public consumption, whilst the latter may allow for a more critical reading of any given organizational culture and to further appreciate this point the thread now considers competing views of organizational culture. [ by Frank at 3-6-2009 00:01 edited ] 4.3 examine how the effectiveness of human resources management is monitored in an organization: Organizational effectiveness depends on having the right people in the right jobs at the right time to meet rapidly changing organizational requirements. Right people can be obtained by performing the role of Human Resource (HR) function. Below is an outline and explanation of how to assess the HR functions of an organization by using HR activities in an architectural firm as an example. An important aspect of an organizations business focus and direction towards achieving high levels of competency and competitiveness would depend very much upon their human resource management practices to contribute effectively towards profitability, quality, and other goals in line with the mission and vision of the company. Staffing, training, compensation and performance management are basically important tools in the human resources practices that shape the organizations role in satisfying the needs of its stakeholders. Stakeholders of an organization comprise mainly of stockholders who will want to reap on their investments, customers whose wants and desires for high quality products or services are met, employees who want their jobs in the organization to be interesting with reasonable compensation and reward system and lastl